A Picture of the Eye - Human Eye
Your eye is a one-inch-diameter, somewhat asymmetrical globe. What you see in the front portion of the mirror is:
Iris: the colored part
Cornea: a clear dome over the iris
Pupil: the black circular opening in the iris that lets light in
Sclera: the white of your eye
Conjunctiva: a thin layer of tissue that covers the entire front of your eye, except for the cornea
The lens, which aids in focusing light on the back of your eye, is located just behind the iris and pupil. A translucent substance called vitreous fills the majority of the eye. The pupil and lens of your eye allow light to pass through to the retina. Special light-sensing cells, collectively known as the retina, cover the inner lining of the eye. Light is changed into electrical impulses by it. Your optic nerve sends these signals to your brain from behind the eye. You have center vision thanks to the macula, a small, heightened-sensitive region of the retina.
The quantity and kind of pigment in your iris determines the color of your eyes. The number of genes a person inherits from each parent determines their eye color.
Eye Conditions
Age-related macular degeneration: Causes central vision loss as you age.
Amblyopia: This disorder, which is also known as lazy eye, begins in childhood. Your brain favors the eye that can see better than the other. The "lazy eye" is the weaker eye, which may or may not wander.
Astigmatism: An issue with your cornea's curvature. If you have it, your eye cannot properly focus light onto the retina. The resulting blurred vision can be fixed with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or surgery.
Black Eye: Bruising and swelling (swelling) around your eye after a facial injury.
Blepharitis: Inflammation of the area around your eyelashes and lids. Your eyes can feel scratchy or gritty as a result.
Cataract: A clouding of the interior lens of your eye. Vision haze may result from it.
Chalazion: A clogged oil-producing gland enlarges into a hump.
Conjunctivitis: An infection or inflammation of the conjunctiva, the transparent membrane covering the front of the eye, is sometimes referred to as pinkeye. It may be brought on by viruses, germs, or allergies.
Corneal abrasion: A scrape on the cornea, the transparent portion of the front of your eye. The typical symptoms include pain, light sensitivity, or an impression of grit in the eye.
Diabetic retinopathy: The blood vessels in the eyes are harmed by high blood sugar. They eventually begin to leak or proliferate excessively in your retina, endangering your vision.
Diplopia (double vision): Several dangerous illnesses can result in the ability to see double. It demands emergency medical care.
Dry eye: Either not enough tears are being produced by your eyes, or the tears are not very good quality. Most frequently brought on by aging, however lupus, scleroderma, and Sjogren's syndrome are all potential culprits.
Glaucoma: Increased pressure inside the eye is the cause of this gradual visual loss. Your peripheral (side) vision will be affected first, then your central vision. It may go unnoticed for a long time.
Hyperopia (farsightedness): Close things are difficult to see clearly. It may occur if your eye is "too short" for the lens to properly focus light. It may or may not also be blurry in the distance.
Hyphema: Bleeding between the cornea and the iris in the front of the eye. Trauma is frequently the cause of hyphema.
Keratitis: Corneal inflammation or infection. Usually, it happens after germs penetrate a corneal scratch.
Myopia (nearsightedness): At a distance, your vision is blurry. As a result, light cannot properly focus on your retina because your eye is "too long" for the lens.
Optic neuritis: An hyperactive immune system frequently causes the inflammation of the optic nerve. Pain and visual loss, usually in one eye, are the consequences.
Pterygium: A thickened area that is typically on the interior of the white of your eye. It may partially obstruct the cornea, impairing vision.
Retinal detachment: Your retina separates from the retina of your eye. The most frequent reasons of this issue, which frequently necessitates an urgent surgical fix, include trauma and diabetes.
Retinitis: A retinal infection or inflammation. Retinitis pigmentosa is a chronic hereditary disorder that could be caused by an infection.
Scotoma: A blind or black area in your field of vision.
Strabismus: When the eyes are not facing the same way. One eye may be preferred by your brain. Children who have it may experience decreased vision in the other eye. The name of this condition is amblyopia.
Stye: A crimson, throbbing lump at the outer corner of your eyelid. The cause is bacteria.
Uveitis (iritis): Your eye's colored portion becomes inflamed or irritated. It may be brought on by viruses, bacteria, or an overactive immune system.
Eye Tests
Tonometry: An examination to measure intraocular pressure in the eye. It is used by your doctor to check for glaucoma.
Slit lamp examination: A doctor or eye doctor examines your eye with a microscope while shining a vertical slit of light across it. Many eye issues might be discovered with its aid.
Fundoscopic exam: Your doctor might administer special eye drops to dilate (widen) your pupil. In order to see your retina, doctors then shine a strong light into the back of your eye.
Refraction: In order to determine your prescription for corrective lenses if you have a vision issue, the doctor will place a sequence of lenses in front of each eye one at a time.
Visual acuity test: From across the room, you'll read a series of smaller and smaller letters. This enables the doctor to identify issues with distance vision. Close reading can aid them in identifying near vision issues.
Fluorescein angiography: In order to obtain a series of retinal photographs, the doctor injects a fluorescent dye into a vein.
Regular adult eye exam: These tests, as well as others like eye movement, may be included in this group of examinations.
Eye Treatments
Contact lenses and glasses: They fix common vision issues like astigmatism, nearsightedness, and farsightedness.
LASIK (laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis): Your cornea is reshaped with a laser after a doctor makes a tiny flap in it. Astigmatism, excessive farsightedness, and nearsightedness are all improved by this therapy.
Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK): The doctor uses a laser to treat nearsightedness, farsightedness, or astigmatism after rubbing surface cells off your cornea. Your eye heals the same way it would if you had scratched it thanks to the regeneration of its cells.
Artificial tears: These eye drops resemble your own natural tears quite a bit. They can aid in the treatment of dry or itchy eyes.
Cyclosporine eye drops (Cequa, Restasis): Inflammation-related dry eye can be treated with this anti-inflammatory eye solution.
Lifitigrast eye drops (Xiidra)- Another anti-inflammatory eye drop with a prescription.
Varenicline (Tyrvaya) is a recently approved nasal spray that can be used to produce more basal tears. It should be used twice daily to each nostril.
Punctal Plugs- You can insert tiny silicone or collagen plugs into your tear ducts to slow down the drainage of tears and prolong their contact with the eye.
Laser photocoagulation: On areas of the retina with weak circulation or to treat aberrant blood vessels directly, a doctor will use a laser. It can seal a retinal tear in addition to being frequently used for diabetic retinopathy.
Cataract surgery: The surgeon replaces your natural lens with a synthetic one after removing the clouded cataract.
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